Sunday, January 30, 2011

Day 1 of "Trinity and Beyond" reflection

Please reflect on the information that was presented to you today.

26 comments:

  1. -July 16, 1945- First nuclear bomb exploded
    -May 1945- 100 tons of TNT for an untested atomic weapon
    -Plunged the world into the atomic age
    -March 1938- Hitler invades Austria
    -Later that year, German scientists discovered fission
    -Albert Einstein letter to Roosevelt
    -Oakridge, TN- Uranium
    -First atomic bomb assembled at Los Alamos
    -Little boy bomb- scientists were sure it would work without testing
    -Caused temporary blindness to an observer 10 miles away
    -10,000 degrees
    -Intelligence sources under general groves discovered that Germany had not created and atomic bomb
    -Atomic bombs dropped on Japan include Little boy and Fat man
    -Little boy detonated over Hiroshima
    -Nagasaki’s bomb was fat man
    -42,000 killed 40,000 injured in Nagasaki alone
    -Operation Crossroads- test the effects of two atomic bombs
    -Animals and plant life were tested with the bombs
    -Tested bomb missed its target by 5000 yards
    -Underwater blast known as shot baker
    -USS Saratoga literally had its bottom blown out by the underwater blast
    -Area could not be occupied for a long time
    -Alamos- Atomic City
    -Since 1943, when Atomic City was created, scientists all over have - come
    -Alamos was to test new weapon designs
    -200 foot steel towers
    -Stockpile nuclear weapons
    -Purpose was to design, deliver and test bombs at Los Alamos
    -New techniques and mass production of atomic bombs
    -Truman said Russia had an atomic bomb
    -On August 4, 1949 Russia detonated their first atomic bomb

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  2. 1942 first chain reacting explosive was created
    Los alamaos, New Mexico, first atomic bomb created there
    May, 1945- first atomic bomb was made
    July 16, 1945- first atomic bomb dropped
    First atomic bomb used in war was hiroshima and nagasaki, Japan
    August 6,1945- Little boy dropped onto Hiroshima
    August 9, 1945- Fat boy dropped onto Nagasaki, Japan surrenders war shortly after
    June 25 1946- Shock Baker (underwater bomb dropped)
    April 15 1948 X-ray bomb tested
    August 4th 1949 Russia tests first atomic bomb

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  3. The worlds first nuclear device exploded on July 16, 1945.
    May 7, 1945 is when the nuclear bomb was starting to be made.
    The fireball created a crater half a mile in diameter.
    The Americans dropped an atom bomb on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6, 1945
    On August 8, 1945 the fat man was dropped on Hiroshima.
    June 25. 1946 was the Shot Baker bomb testing.
    The area of Shot Bakers was unapproachable due to intense radiation.
    April 15, 1948 was the X-Ray explosion.
    May 1, 1948 was the Yoke explosion.
    August 4, 1949 Russia tested first Atomic Bomb.

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  4. Trinity and Beyond
    Germany Invades Poland (Hitler)
    Letter to Roosevelt from Einstein warning him to start working on the atomic bomb so that the U.S. would not be endangered if they had the same advance in weapons. And this had strated the race for the atomic bomb.
    Little Boy Bomb- 15 kilotons Was not tested because scientists were positive that it would work.
    Fat Man- 20 kilotons Used Plutonium and Uranium had a more efficient model
    Japan surrenders.
    Hiroshima- Little Boy 70,000 killed 60,000 buildings out of 90,000 were demolished
    Nagasaki- Fat Man 42,000 killed 40,000 injured
    Animals-sheeps and rats were studied to see the effects on atomic radiation.
    Shot Baker-21 kilotons underwater blast damaged a lot more ships than what it would on land. The area around shot baker was extremely radioactive and could not be approached for some time. All the animals were dead when they went back to the ships.
    I think that it is really scary that they had so much power at that time. And that at any moment they could have blowed up and that would be very bad because they control everything on the atomic bomb. I think that when they put the sheep onto the ships and let them die was very sad to me, but I know that that is the only way to test it it is still very harsh.

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  5. The information that the video presented was interesting. It was cool to see how the atomic bomb came to be. The different designs and uses and tests.
    In 1942, the first chain reacting explosive was created
    Los alamaos, New Mexico, first atomic bomb created there
    May, 1945 the first atomic bomb was made
    July 16, 1945 the first atomic bomb dropped
    First atomic bomb used in war was hiroshima and nagasaki, Japan
    August 6,1945- Little boy dropped onto Hiroshima
    August 9, 1945- Fat boy dropped onto Nagasaki, Japan surrenders war shortly after
    June 25 1946- Shock Baker (underwater bomb dropped)
    April 15 1948 X-ray bomb tested
    August 4th 1949 Russia tests first atomic bomb

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  6. (Collectively taken by Anni, Una, Austin, and Liora)

    Watching this video made me release just how deadly Atomic bombs are and that it takes a lot of practice, power, and destruction to create them.
    Also, having them can be the cause, or the end to a war.

    100 tons of TNT was used to see how large an atomic bombs explosion would be.
    the yield was 200 times more powerful than the TNT
    The world’s first nuclear bomb was exploded at the Trinity Site in NM. July 16, 1945
    March 1938 Hitler invades Austria
    German scientists discovered nuclear fission
    Albert Einstein wrote to Roosevelt to create atom bomb
    The first atomic bomb was assembled in New Mexico at a lab (where they designed them) called Los Alamos
    The uranium bomb “little boy” was a very simple design and it did not need to be tested
    Plutonium and Uranium needed to create bomb
    Edward Teller, father of hydrogen bomb
    he thought that nuclur
    Fat Man was a very powerful plutonium bomb
    10 million degrees, vaporizing everything, temporary blindness up to ten miles away
    May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered to the Allied forces in Europe
    Hiroshima- Little boy, August 6, 1945 8:15am 1800 feet elevation
    70,000 people died
    Nagasaki- Fat Man August 9, 1945 11:02am
    42,000 people died
    39% of the buildings were destroyed
    Tinian Island, base for atomic bomb drop in Japan
    11 months after the bombings operation Crossroads started
    Operation Crossroads was a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in the summer of 1946. Its purpose was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on naval ships
    Able was detonated at an altitude of 520 feet (158 m) on July 1, 1946; Baker was detonated 90 feet (27 m) underwater on July 25, 1946. A third burst, Charlie, planned for 1947, was canceled primarily because of the Navy's inability to decontaminate the target ships after the Baker test.
    use sheep to test radioactivity
    Shot Baker
    July 25, 1946
    produced much more damage then Able
    the area surrounding shot Baker had become very radioactive and could not to be used for some time
    Los Alamos base for research for atomic and nuclear energy and bombs
    Operation Sandstone
    test new atomic weapons
    west of Crossroads
    strip the land and lay down tar for roads, temporary housing
    double the force of the bomb dropped on Nagasaki, more efficient bomb
    The results of sandstone changed the atomic bomb design forever
    Russians have atomic bomb August 2, 1948

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  7. The video was somewhat interesting, in terms of facts, but the constant pauses and still frames kind of bored me. Don't get me wrong- it's not a boring topic. I've always found WW2 and the atomic bombs rather intriguing, but this didn't keep me interested. Oh, well. At least William Shatner narrated it.

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  8. In May of 1945, the Americans first tested the atomic bomb technique. On August 6, 1945, the Americans launched Little Boy over Hiroshima. On August 9, 1945, Americans launched Fat man over Nagasaki. In 1948, the Americans started the Crossroads operation with the bombs Able and Baker and would-be Charlie at Bikini Atoll. In 1948, the Russians tested their atomic bomb.

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  9. Turmoil in Europe: March 1938
    German Scientists could produce atomic bombs.
    1942- The first chain reacting pile of radioactive material was successfully set off.
    The first atomic bomb was set off in New Mexico
    It was said that scientists were blamed for the atomic bomb and its tragedies.
    1945 Trinity
    -crater ½ mile across.
    -50 years later- radioactive activity
    -Temporary blindness from 10 miles away
    Atomic Bombs against Japan
    -Tinian Island- off of Japan
    -Hiroshima
    --70000 people killed or missing
    -Little Boy
    -Fat Man
    Crossroads
    -test effects of atomic weapons
    -Codenamed: Able and Baker
    -Bomb will not cause a chain reaction
    -Animals were tested on the effects of radiation.
    --All animals dead
    -Missed target
    -Sent 5 ships under the Bikini Lagoon
    -Can still see the Saratoga at the bottom of the lagoon
    -Extremely radioactive
    Sandstone
    -in Pacific
    -200 miles west of Bikini Lagoon
    -Lay down tar for roads
    -Temporary Housing
    -changed atomic Bombs forever
    1949

    The video was very informative and enhanced my learning. I understood the video well because it was easy to understand with the visuals. I liked how there were examples from the past, and not just facts from the present. The sheep that were tested on made me mini-puke in my mouth because I felt so sad for them. I felt that the notes I took were good, and will help me with the upcoming project in the DLC.

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  10. (Anni, Austin, Una, and Liora's notes)
    Race to the Atomic Bomb Build Up
    1905, Marie Curie with partner Henri Becquerel discovered two radioactive elements.
    August 2nd, 1939 Ernerst Rutherford discovers that alpha particles were deflected on passing through atoms.
    1907 Albert Einstein published three articles explaining the quantum theory, photoelectric effects, relations of mass and energy and a special theory of relativity. But there was a fourth article confirming the theory of atomic theory of matter.
    1932 James Chadwick discovered the Neutron which could be used as “missiles” to split an a tom w/o being deflected
    1934 Enrico Fermi split a uranium
    1945 the first atomic device was detonated.
    100 tons of TNT was used to see how large an atomic bombs explosion would be.
    the yield was 200 times more powerful than the TNT
    The world’s first nuclear bomb was exploded at the Trinity Site in NM. July 16, 1945
    March 1938 Hitler invades Austria
    German scientists discovered nuclear fission
    Albert Einstein wrote to Roosevelt to create atom bomb
    The first atomic bomb was assembled in New Mexico at a lab (where they designed them) called Los Alamos
    The uranium bomb “little boy” was a very simple design and it did not need to be tested
    Plutonium and Uranium needed to create bomb
    Edward Teller, father of hydrogen bomb
    he thought that nuclur
    Fat Man was a very powerful plutonium bomb
    10 million degrees, vaporizing everything, temporary blindness up to ten miles away
    May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered to the Allied forces in Europe
    Hiroshima- Little boy, August 6, 1945 8:15am 1800 feet elevation
    70,000 people died
    Nagasaki- Fat Man August 9, 1945 11:02am
    42,000 people died
    39% of the buildings were destroyed
    Tinian Island, base for atomic bomb drop in Japan
    11 months after the bombings operation Crossroads started
    Operation Crossroads was a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in the summer of 1946. Its purpose was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on naval ships
    Able was detonated at an altitude of 520 feet (158 m) on July 1, 1946; Baker was detonated 90 feet (27 m) underwater on July 25, 1946. A third burst, Charlie, planned for 1947, was canceled primarily because of the Navy's inability to decontaminate the target ships after the Baker test.
    use sheep to test radioactivity
    Shot Baker
    July 25, 1946
    produced much more damage then Able
    the area surrounding shot Baker had become very radioactive and could not to be used for some time
    Los Alamos base for research for atomic and nuclear energy and bombs
    Operation Sandstone
    test new atomic weapons
    west of Crossroads
    strip the land and lay down tar for roads, temporary housing
    double the force of the bomb dropped on Nagasaki, more efficient bomb
    The results of sandstone changed the atomic bomb design forever
    Russians have atomic bomb August 2, 1948

    Reflection:

    After viewing Trinity & Beyond, I think that nuclear weapons are a very useful tool in war, but if they went into the wrong hands, they could destroy the entire human race.

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  11. Notes for Trinity and Beyond
    -100 tons of TNT was used to see how large an atomic bombs explosion would be.
    - the yield was 200 times more powerful than the TNT
    -The world’s first nuclear bomb was exploded at the Trinity Site in NM. July 16, 1945
    -March 1938 Hitler invades Austria
    -German scientists discovered nuclear fission
    -Albert Einstein wrote to Roosevelt to create atom bomb
    -The first atomic bomb was assembled in New Mexico at a lab (where ---they designed them) called Los Alamos
    -The uranium bomb “little boy” was a very simple design and it did not need to be tested
    -Plutonium and Uranium needed to create bomb
    -Edward Teller, father of hydrogen bomb
    he thought that nuclur
    -Fat Man was a very powerful plutonium bomb
    -10 million degrees, vaporizing everything, temporary blindness up to ten miles away
    -May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered to the Allied forces in Europe
    -Hiroshima- Little boy, August 6, 1945 8:15am 1800 feet elevation
    -70,000 people died
    -Nagasaki- Fat Man August 9, 1945 11:02am
    -42,000 people died
    -39% of the buildings were destroyed
    -Tinian Island, base for atomic bomb drop in Japan
    -11 months after the bombings operation Crossroads started
    -Operation Crossroads was a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in the summer of 1946. Its purpose was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on naval ships
    -Able was detonated at an altitude of 520 feet (158 m) on July 1, 1946; Baker was detonated 90 feet (27 m) underwater on July 25, 1946. A third burst, Charlie, planned for 1947, was canceled primarily because of the Navy's inability to decontaminate the target ships after the Baker test.
    -use sheep to test radioactivity
    -Shot Baker
    -July 25, 1946
    -produced much more damage then Able
    -the area surrounding shot Baker had become very radioactive and could not to be used for some time
    -Los Alamos base for research for atomic and nuclear energy and bombs
    -Operation Sandstone
    -test new atomic weapons
    -west of Crossroads
    -strip the land and lay down tar for roads, temporary housing
    -double the force of the bomb dropped on Nagasaki, more efficient bomb
    -The results of sandstone changed the atomic bomb design forever
    -Russians have atomic bomb August 2, 1948

    Reflection: After watching Trinity and Beyond I realized that the atomic bomb is a very dangerous weapon. These notes were collectively taken by Anni, Austin, Liora, and Una.

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  12. The video was very interesting, and I actually didn't know a lot of the information about the testing that had occurred in the Pacific Ocean with the fleet of 70 American, German, and Japanese ships. To me, the video was extremely amazing and I liked the way they filmed it. I noticed a bit of star wars music...so I think the narration fit in with it. Anyway, the video was great, and I want to see the rest of it.

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  13. 100 tons of TNT was used in a rehearsal for the atomic bomb that was to be unleashed in Hiroshima and Nagasaki (may 1945)

    There were two designs for the atomic bomb. One was more simple than the other. The first was designed in New Mexico

    1: Little boy bomb ( would work without testing)

    2: plutonium design was more efficient than the first design sphere of plutonium was circled by a layer of material to keep the plutonium collapsing on itself
    -ten million degrees
    -one half mile across
    -still radioactive 50 years after
    -could cause temporary blindness to someone observing 10 miles away

    US needed to invade Japan because of what they did at Pearl Harbor (atomic bomb on Hiroshima (18,000 feet) and Nagasaki)

    The little boy bomb was dropped on Hiroshima (70,000 people were killed) and the Fat Man Bomb (42,000 people) (August 9, 1945) on Nagasaki.

    Shot Baker was June 25, 1946 (underwater bomb)
    -became extremely radioactive area and could not be safely entered

    X-Ray
    April 15, 2948

    Yoke
    May 1, 1948

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  15. The atomic bomb was very interesting. I think that it was weird that they kept testing more bombs after the fact. To me, this was a big mistake. The war was over, yet men were still dying in war-like scenarios. When they did this research experiment, temperatures got up to 10 million degrees and, from 10 miles away, the men where temporarily blinded. Boats and submarines are sinking, and humans/animals alike are suffering. And also, why waste the money that is necessary to put into a atomic bomb? In the video, the narrator stated that the area became radioactive for so time, and there are still trances of radioactive materials. We already have accidents in the ocean, like oil spills, why are we purposely causing this? In social studies, we watched a video on the albert einstein letter. He said that he regretted ever sending that letter, informing the President about the need for a nuclear weapon. I feel that the world can see the bomb as a threat, and make a treaty banning the research and use of nuclear weapons. 42,000 killed 40,000 injured in Nagasaki, isn't this statistic enough to say no? Innocent civilians will die because the world can not settle a disagreement peacefully.

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  16. The video was interesting. I liked all the boring facts. I always liked learning about WWII and the atomic bomb. I liked this video. I liked how the atomic bomb gets up to 10,000 degrees. I thought it was a little boring, but only for a little bit of the video. I liked everything else. Oh, good times. I remember it like it was yesterday.

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  17. The atomic bomb had massive impact on Japan, and the world. With the discovery of nuclear fusion, a race began to determine who could invent nuclear weapons, first. During this time, WWII had begun and it became even more imperative for nuclear weapons to be discovered. However, towards the end of the war, America pulled ahead and dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima. Three days later, another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. The impacts from these two bombs can still be felt, and they will last forever.

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  18. 100 tons of TNT was used to see how large an atomic bombs explosion would be.
    the yield was 200 times more powerful than the TNT
    The world’s first nuclear bomb was exploded at the Trinity Site in NM. July 16, 1945
    March 1938 Hitler invades Austria
    German scientists discovered nuclear fission
    Albert Einstein wrote to Roosevelt to create atom bomb
    The first atomic bomb was assembled in New Mexico at a lab (where they designed them) called Los Alamos
    The uranium bomb “little boy” was a very simple design and it did not need to be tested
    Plutonium and Uranium needed to create bomb
    Edward Teller, father of hydrogen bomb
    he thought that nuclur
    Fat Man was a very powerful plutonium bomb
    10 million degrees, vaporizing everything, temporary blindness up to ten miles away
    May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered to the Allied forces in Europe
    Hiroshima- Little boy, August 6, 1945 8:15am 1800 feet elevation
    70,000 people died
    Nagasaki- Fat Man August 9, 1945 11:02am
    42,000 people died
    39% of the buildings were destroyed
    Tinian Island, base for atomic bomb drop in Japan
    11 months after the bombings operation Crossroads started
    Operation Crossroads was a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in the summer of 1946. Its purpose was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on naval ships
    Able was detonated at an altitude of 520 feet (158 m) on July 1, 1946; Baker was detonated 90 feet (27 m) underwater on July 25, 1946. A third burst, Charlie, planned for 1947, was canceled primarily because of the Navy's inability to decontaminate the target ships after the Baker test.
    use sheep to test radioactivity
    Shot Baker
    July 25, 1946
    produced much more damage then Able
    the area surrounding shot Baker had become very radioactive and could not to be used for some time
    Los Alamos base for research for atomic and nuclear energy and bombs
    Operation Sandstone
    test new atomic weapons
    west of Crossroads
    strip the land and lay down tar for roads, temporary housing
    double the force of the bomb dropped on Nagasaki, more efficient bomb
    The results of sandstone changed the atomic bomb design forever

    Russians have atomic bomb August 2, 1948

    These notes were collectively taken by Anni, Austin, Liora, and Una.

    I realized that the scientists do not have a full idea what they are doing yet, and they won't until they test it. I fear for WW3 but I wonder why people are working on mass destructive experiments instead of curing diseases and improving mankind. But I recognize the fact that the only way to prevent war is to prepare for it.

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  19. “...And these atomic bombs which science burst upon the world hat night were strange even to the men who used them.” -The World Set Free H.G. Wells, 1914

    In chronological order, the 30 minutes of "Trinity and Beyond" that was shown, displayed the history of the atomic bomb. On March, 1938 (in Europe) Hitler invaded Austria, whilst German scientists discover fission technology in Germany. 1939 exhibited the scientist's determined work on Uranium fission by Einstein. German invaded Poland in the meanwhile. December second of 1942 saw huge industries for Uranium industry, in addition to the massive upsurge of production of plutonium. In the interim, Los Alamos, located in New Mexico, reflected the U.S. knowledge on atomic matter and other radioactivity and displaying it on bomb designs. May 7, 1945 brought about one hundred tons of TNT in the Mexico desert, where untested atomic weapons were accumulated. The following day, on May 8, Germany surrendered due to a myriad of reasons; only the Japanese islands remained as a posing threat, in which the United States chose to take on with high hopes (and extreme patriotism) to conquer and invade their homeland. July 16, 1945 launched trinity site: the world’s first nuclear bomb site, thus commencing the atomic age. August of 1945 say the bombing of Little Boy, the 'fat man' bomb over Nagasaki, and Hiroshima with the inventions of Uranium/Plutonium gun weapons. Eleven Months Later-the vice admiral announced modern tests of the effects of the bombs, along with their objective to demolish naval ships. This brought about Operation Crossroads and Operation Sandstone. Operation Crossroads irresponsibly experimented on the effects of atomic weapons, damaging one hundred twenty-five ships, and allowing all of the victim ships to sink down to the bottom; biological warfare was assembled to study the consequences, particularly on sheep and other animals. The first shot of the operation missed its target by 800 yards, whereas the second (codenamed shot Baker) was aimed much better, causing even more damage with the surrounding land to become radioactive. The horrible repercussions were not anticipated, which called upon President Truman to take a stand. The government official ordered an underwater test in response, codenamed Charlie. Two years after Crossroads, Operation Sandstone was put into effect to pilot new weapon designs in the Pacific. It took employees six months to create temporary housing for scientists and military personnel working in the area. Their job was to double the force of bombs with the same amount of plutonium as Nagasaki's weapon. This eventually led to the stock piling of nuclear weapons, which was proved true from the current President's announcement of Russia having their own atomic bomb.

    the Implosion bomb was made of plutonium instead of uranium, in which its nucleus was an initiator surrounded by a sphere of plutonium. This would force the plutonium to create an implosion, raising the temperature to ten million degrees, vanishing life for ½ a mile, creating temporary blindness, and fabricating a crater ½ mile across leaving traces of radioactivity 50 years later.

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  20. TRINITY AND BEYOND REFLECTION DAY 1:

    On July 16, 1945, the first nuclear bomb exploded

    On May 1945, 100 tons of TNT was used for an untested atomic weapon

    On March 1938, Hitler invades Austria.

    Later that year, German scientists discovered will fission

    Uranium discovered in Oakridge, TN?

    First atomic bomb was assembled at Los Alamos.

    scientists were sure the "Little Boy" bomb would work without testing
    Facts on little boy bomb:
    10,000 degrees-
    Caused temporary blindness to an observer 10 miles away
    Little boy detonated over Hiroshima.

    Atomic bombs dropped on Japan include Little boy and Fat man

    Fat man facts:
    -Nagasaki’s bomb was fat man
    -42,000 killed 40,000 injured in Nagasaki alone

    What are Operation Crossroads? They are, the test the effects of two atomic bombs

    Animals and plant life were tested with the bombs.

    Underwater blast was known as "baker"

    USS Saratoga literally had its bottom blown out by the underwater blast.

    Alamos is the Atomic City.


    Their purpose was to design, deliver and test bombs at Los Alamos. Also to develop new techniques and mass production of atomic bombs.

    Truman was the one that said Russia had an atomic bomb.

    On August 4, 1949 Russia detonated their first atomic bomb.

    After watching Trinity and Beyond, I feel like the bombs are weapons that are not needed. We killed so many innocent people when all we needed to do was stop the one in charge and those causing the war. But instead, we got carried away and ruined the lives of thousands of people. If other countries are able to create the same bombs we created years ago, they will be more powerful due to the extreme change in technology. Which will kill thousands maybe million of OUR innocent people. The way they tested the bombs just for experiments, was very irresponisble and i think a waste of energy and time. They had to destroy the beautiful nature landscape to put in tar roads and concrete, buildings and city life. Just to create bombs that aren't used for any important purpose but to destroy land and innocent people, and maybe in the end causing a war to end. But you never know if they will surrender or just fight back!

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  21. On July 16, 1945 the first atom bomb exploded in Trinity. Then on May 7, 1945, in the Mexican desert, 100 tons of TNT for an untested atom bomb. The next 20 years would commence testing of atom bomb.
    Fission was discovered, and the 3rd right was closer to discovering the secret of the atom bomb. Then in the Fall of 1939 Einstein sent a letter to Roosevelt about fission. An advisory committee was assigned by Roosevelt who agreed. Lesley Arch Groves who was responsible for pentagon, was placed in charge. On December 2, 1942, Enrico Fermi had a success with the first self-sustained chain reaction (fission). Later, huge uranium factiories were set up in Tennessee. Los Alamos, where first atom bomb was detonated, held the treatment to many theoretical problems with Dr. JR Oppenheimer. But what next? These questions could only be answered by further tests. Scientists were confident that Little Boy Bomb would work without testing. It was very simple. Fat man, on the other hand, was a lot more complicated. It used uranium instead of plutonium. On May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered, but then Pearl Harbor happened. The first atomic bombs were then dropped in Hiroshima/Nagasaki. Japan was forced to surrender. The Little Boy Bomb was dropped at an altitude of 1800 feet. Three days later, Fat Man dropped over Nagasaki. In Hiroshima- 17000 people were injured, missing, or killed. Out of 90,000 buildings, 60,000 were destroyed.
    In Nagasaki 39,000 of buildings were ruined, and 40,000 people were killed/injured. Then 11 months after hiroshima/nagasaki, operation crossroads began. It's purpose was to test effect of atomic weapons
    able and baker. At the time, 185 japanese/german/american ships were in the water. Animals and plant life were to be studied on radiation effects. The bomb missed its target by 800 yards. Ships/destroyers sank to bottom of bikini lagoon. Baker weighed 21 kilotons, the serotoga setting in still visible in Shot Baker. The area surrounding shot baker was very unforeseenly radioactive. Then an underwater test authorized by Truman commenced. Los Alamos- Atomic City, was now research/developer city for nuclear studies. Two years after Crossroads, operation Sandstone was allowed to proceed by Truman. It was a new weapon test. A joint task force was assigned. X-Ray April 15, 1946, and
    Yoke May 1, 1948, was 48 Kilotons. Helicopters were sent to test gamma rays, etc. Z Division in Los Alamos to manufacture bombs.

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  22. The atomic bomb footage absolutely astounded me. I have never really seen this kind of footage, and I'm really interested in how this works. Though the fact that we used these kind of scares me, I can't wait to watch the rest of the movie. It was interesting to see how the scientists kept testing the bombs and changing them according to what they learned. Also, I noticed that the scientists making bombs learned of the dangers associated with their projects quite quickly.

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  23. May 1945: The First Atomic Bomb was detonated in New Mexico. A scale of TNT (almost 100 tons) would make the closest guess to the atomic weapon
    March 1938: Hitler invades Poland
    April 1938: German scientist discover fission
    Fall 1939: Einstein's letter occurs
    December 1942: The first successful atomic splitting occurred in a block of Graphite
    Los Alamos is the site of the building of the Atomic Bomb
    Little Boy was a simple Atomic bomb using Uranium
    Fat man was complex, but imploding bomb using Plutonium
    The test in New Mexico made the temperature go up to 10 million degrees
    May 1945: Germany surrenders to the Allied Forces (a.k.a. Russian Forces)
    Little Boy and Fat Man to be delivered to explode on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
    Little Boy (15 kilotons) explodes in Nagasaki
    Fat Man (20 kilotons) explodes in Hiroshima
    Hiroshima (Destroys 60% of buildings and 70,000 people)
    Nagasaki (Destroys 39% of buildings and 42,000 people)

    Operation Crossroads was to test Atomic bombs on ships, either over the water, or underneath
    The over water attack (Abel) damaged all ships within a half of a mile
    The under attack (Baker) was complete and utter destruction
    Baker took out the entire bottom half of the Battle ship Seratoga

    Operation Sandstone was the test of new weapon designs
    There were two designs that were to be tested
    This operation took place on an island
    X-Ray (37 kilotons)
    Yoke (49 kilotons)
    This operation made atomic weapons even more deadly

    October 1949: Western Electric is made into Sandia Corporations (mass producing Atomic Bombs)
    August 1949: Russia Detonated their first Atomic Bomb

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  24. VERY RADIOACTIVE
    Tritinty Site: Where first atomic bomb exploded
    Einstein wrote a letter to FDR that stated that the USA should start trying to make a Nuclear Bomb
    Los Alamos was wear the the Manhattan project started
    Oppenheimer was the leader of the project
    The USA decided that it needed to create a nuclear bomb before Germany
    The first bomb used was called the Little Boy Bomb and used Uranium
    The second bomb used Plutonium
    Germany never found out how to make a Nuclear Bomb
    Tinian Island was the place where they loaded and prepared to drop the Little Boy bomb on Hiroshima and the Fat Man bomb on Nagasaki.
    70,000 where killed in Hiroshima while 42,000 where killed in Nagasaki

    The short baker bomb was much more destructive than the other
    Animals were used as test subjects on the ships at Bikini Bottom

    Operation Sandstone was too test out new types of weapons. These bombs had sandstone added to them. The result of these test with the new weapons was better atomic bombs3
    X-RAY YOKE where some of the names of the bombs
    USA begins nuclear stockpiling

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  25. *Absent*

    Nuclear Bomb
    Einstein wrote a letter to FDR to make the A Bomb because they feared Nazi Germany would beat them to it. Two bombs were made in the Manhattan Project, Little Boy and Fat Man. The two bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

    Trinity
    The bombs were tested in New Mexico

    Operation Sandstone tested new nuclear weapons. They tested the bombs on Naval fleets, dropping one out of the sky and detonating one underwater. Much more damage was caused than they thought. Nuclear bombs were determined to be highly radioactive.

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  26. May 1945, Alamagore Mexico. 100 tons of TNT. Trial run to Trinity.
    Uranium nucleus discovered by German scientists.
    Man responsible for Pentagon was put in charge of the business for atomic bomb research.
    1967 chain reacting science done.
    First bomb assembled in Los Alamos, in New Mexico
    Little Boy Boy. Uranium dum bomb.
    Plutonium was sued in another. An initiator was in a plutonium case, within a shell that when activated, it imploded and forced the plutonium into its shell/case/nucleus
    Bright enough to cause blindness to a 10 mile away viewer.
    crater was ½ mile in diameter and the desert was fused into a green glass that is still radioactive

    50th squadron to deliver first bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
    Enola Gay (look up)

    Little Boy Austigth 6, 1945 at 6:15 Am. 1800 feet was it dropped from. 70,000 killed or missing.
    Fat Man, August 9, 1945 at 9:45 Am. (check). 40,000 dead, 40,000 injured.

    Crossroads, test Able and Baker. Check atomic bomb effects underwater. Able missed target by 800 yards. Two sent to the bottom of the water. Ships within half a mile were heavily damaged. Baker had a more catastrophic effect. Baker was the same device as Able, but the underwater compression made the effect that much more effective. Saratoga the ship had its hull blown out form the bottom.The area could not be broached for a time after because of radioactivity. Truman called off the last plan, Charlie, because of the effects. Lambs and livestock that were placed here for the test were all killed.

    Two years after Crossroads, Operation Sandstone was given leave to go. This test was to test for success of other atomic weapons. Double force of bomb with the same amount of plutonium.
    Yoke May 1, 1948. Remote control vehicles went to ground zero to measure gamma ray number.

    Mock 4 and Mock 5 improved Fat Man. Sandia Crop. brought assembly line structure to nuclear warfare.

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