Tuesday, February 1, 2011

Trinity and Beyond Day 2

Please reflect on the second the half of the movie.

25 comments:

  1. Klaus fuchs passed info to Russians in regards to nuclear bombs.
    Jan. 1951, USA opens Nevada Test Site.
    5 bombs dropped here.
    Operation Greenhouse started in spring 1951.
    trying to build nuclear survivability shelters.
    can double a bombs power by putting tryllium in the center.
    First thermo-nuclear weapon experiment started with George.
    Ivy Mike was the first Hydrogen Bomb
    Army created a nuclear bomb launcher.
    Grable was the first bomb fired from the atomic cannon.
    Castle bravo is the USA's largest thermonuclear device.
    Bravo's crater is 1.2 miles in diameter.

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  2. January 1951 US opened Nevada "test site"
    April 20, 1951 "easy" was detonated
    Grable May 25 1953
    Castle Bravo Febuary 28 1953

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  3. The Russian first atomic bomb happened 5 years before planned.
    There was a nuclear test cite in Nevada that was a few hundred miles away from Las Vegas.
    In 1951 the Greenhouse Plan was created.
    The Easy Bomb was tested on April 10,1951.
    They put tritium inside the bomb and that is called boosting.
    The bomb Item was tested on May 24, 1951, it was the first boosted bomb.
    The H-Bomb(Hydrogen Bomb) weighed about 62 tons.
    The Hydrogen Bomb, Ivy-Mike's, explosion was 10 Megatons
    The Hydrogen Bomb was the largest explosion ever seen on Earth.
    Ivy-Mike was the code name of the first Hydrogen Bomb explosion.
    In the Spring of 1953 there was 13 different nuclear devices tested in a test cite.
    A smaler bomb dropped from a lower altitude created a much larger explosion.
    Grable was tested May 25, 1953.
    The wind from the Grable explosion was extremely powerful.
    The explosion was a 15 Kiloton explosion.
    Grable was shot from an artillery cannon.
    February 28, 1954 Castle Bravo was detonated and the blast was much larger than expected and it caused some workers and Japanese men to become radiated.
    Castle Bravo was the first thermonuclear Hydrogen Bomb.

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  4. Russia had made their first atomic bomb 5 years before planned.

    There was a nuclear test cite in Nevada.

    The Operation Greenhouse was started in the Spring of 1951.

    On April 10, 1951, the Easy Bomb was tested.

    The Hydrogen Bomb weight about 62 tons.

    The Hydrogen Bomb was the largest bomb witnessed by the human eye.

    The explosion from the bomb was 10 megatons.

    Ivy Mike was the code name given the the first nuclear test of a fusion device.

    The code named bomb Upshot- Knothole Grable was a 15 kiloton explosion.

    Castle Bravo was the first thermonuclear hydrogen bomb that was detonated on February 28, 1954.

    Explosion winds can easily destroy houses, and dent buses.

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  5. Trinity and Beyond (Day 2)

    1951 - 5 A-Bombs dropped
    Operation Greenhouse
    4th test- Island test, 45.5 k (very powerful)
    The george event- 255 k
    The Hydrogen Bomb
    Truman approves H-Bomb
    Operation Ivy
    Largest explosion ever set off on the face of the earth
    Thermal Nuclear explosion (62 tons)
    Most powerful explosion ever seen by human eyes
    First full scale test of a hydrogen bomb
    First Full scale explosion H-Bomb (10 megatons)
    The Nuclear Battlefield
    11 nuclear power test
    Upshot Nottle
    Against Soviet attacks
    Encore delivered by New Artillery Cannon
    The Big One
    Spring 1954
    Tested by United States
    Castle Bravo (15 megatons) stripped islands clean of vegetation and took scientists by storm
    Russia explodes H-bomb
    Operation Wigwam
    To determine fatal range of an enemie’s submarine to a nuclear weapon

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  6. I do not understand why we where still making bombs, and testing them. Doesn't this seem dangerous? What happens to the area where the bomb is dropped? What is put into the atmosphere? How does this affect human life? Is all of this testing really necessary? In history, the United States has been the only country to use a nuclear weapons, for real.

    Russian set off Atomic Bomb
    Operation Greenhouse
    Easy-47 kilotons
    Item test-4th test in the Operation Greenhouse
    Item-45.5 kilotons
    Greg a massive bomb with 225 kilotons
    Truman decided to ok the H-bomb (newspaper article)
    Testing was conducted on three small islands, they were all connected by a road, because it was easier to travel island to island
    The bombs were filled with helium because it makes the radioactive waves travel faster-first test of the hydrogen bomb-this could launch the world into a nuclear era
    They called to bomb-dropping area was called Ground Zero
    11 nuclear tests where in Nevada because they could see the needs in the Soviet attacks, the affects, and to test new models
    Precursor-wind-does extensive damage
    This was dangerous, but it opened up the nuclear vista for the war and in combat
    Animals, vegetation, etc. where tested to see the effects
    Filmers recorded the explosions
    Security-we were not supposed to write about classified information, talk about it, you were not supposed to be "careless" because if the information got into the enemy's hands, then the outcome could be devastating.
    another test blasted radioactive materials into the atmosphere, and the observers where also contaminated
    The threat of nuclear bombs was the greatest fear in the country
    There was evaluation plans in place, and there was many practice, because you never know-alarms, radios, police, the real, whole deal

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  7. I think that it was necessary for the A-bomb to be dropped but I hope it will never have to again. It is so devastating and it turns back the growth of a community then stunts it for over a decade. Innocent civilians, serviceman, animals were forced into exposure and lost their lives just to convince their government to surrender. It is a horrendous price to pay.

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  8. I really liked this part of the movie. I found it more interesting in every way and it was a lot more entertaining. I was focused on the movie the whole time. It really kept me watching the movie. I always love learning about world war 2 and the atomic bomb. I never knew that the Hydrogen Bomb was that strong. It was 2 times more strong than they expected it to be?!? That is so interesting!

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  9. - U.S. opened Nevada test sites in 1951
    - Operation Greenhouse began
    - Item Test was the first test of the boosting principal
    - Truman OK's the hydrogen bomb
    - Cab building on Island 0 housed bomb
    - It was the most powerful explosion ever seen
    - In 1953, the nuclear battlefield was created
    - May 25 1953, bomb dropped
    - Explosion resulted in frightening the public about bombs
    - The threat of hydrogen bombs was the greatest threat the world has ever known in 1955
    - Operation Crossroads was finally conducted as "Operation Wigwam"

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  11. 1949- Russians
    -launched their first atomic bomb.
    1951
    -US opened uo the Nevada proving grounds
    -Operation Greenhouse
    --5 A-Bombs dropped
    --Called Ranger-Able
    4th test
    -Item test
    --Boosting
    --45 1/2 K
    --Very Powerful
    George Event
    -255 K
    -Hydrogen Bomb
    -Truman Approved H-Bomb
    Operation Ivy
    -Largest Explosion ever set off on the face of the Earth
    -Thermal Nuclear Explosion
    -62 tons
    -First Full Scale test of a Hydrogen Device
    -10 megatons
    The nuclear Battle Field
    1952
    -Upshot Nottle
    -Against Soviet Attacks
    -Encore
    --Delivered by New Artillery Cannon
    --15 K
    --500 feet
    --Extensive Damage
    Grable
    The Big One
    -Spring 1954
    -Castle Bravo
    --15 Megatons
    --Scientists were stunned
    --Missed Target
    --Created a Crater
    ---Bravo Crater
    Bravo
    -Hydrogen Bomb
    -Tested by the U.S.
    Every Citizen and town took cover
    500 miles off coast of San Diego
    -Operation Wigwam
    -determine fatal range of a submarine to a nuclear weapon

    The effects of the Nuclear Bomb is horrendous. It destroys everything in its path. It is crazy how large the amount of damage it can do can be.

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  12. On August 24, 1989, Russia detonated their first nuclear bomb. The SSR was a rival nuclear program.
    Operation greenhouse. They tested structure. The fourth test in Greenhouse was the Island test. George large 255 kiloton weapon.
    Expanded stockpile of nuclear weapons
    The hydrogen bomb. Truman decided the hydrogen bomb was okay. 3 islands were the test sites. The most powerful explosion ever. First full scale test of a hydrogen bomb.
    The nuclear battlefield. 11 nuclear weapons were tested in 1953. Some were delivered by military cannon.
    The big one. Bravo was a hydrogen bomb that was the largest bomb air-detonated by the US. Castle Bravo eliminated all vegetation and showed the dangers of nuclear fallout.
    1955- Russia explodes hydrogen bomb
    The test from operation crossroads was detonated deep underwater in operation Wigwam. They wanted to determine the damage to an enemy submarine from an underwater blast.

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  13. Notes from Hattie, Una, & Austin

    Russians have atomic bomb August 29, 1948 (5 yrs before expected)
    January 1951 the US opened Nevada Printing grounds-test site where four new nuclear weapons were dropped.
    January 27, 1951 was the first U.S detonation since Trinity
    Easy-a structural effects test April 20, 1951
    Item-May 24, 1951
    Largest explosion that we have ever seen on Earth (Wet Bomb)
    Truman “OK’D” Hydrogen Bomb.
    Wet Bomb-
    62 tons
    Zero island
    first full scale test of a hydrogen device
    .
    The Nuclear Battlefield
    Upshot-knothole
    15 kilotons
    500 feet
    Grable May 25, 1953
    The Big One
    Castle Bravo-the first dry fuel hydrogen bomb
    March 1, 1954
    Fallout from the detonation — intended to be a secret test — poisoned the islanders who had previously inhabited the atoll and returned there afterwards, as well as the crew of Daigo Fukuryū Maru , a Japanese fishing boat, and created international concern about atmospheric thermonuclear testing
    Operation Wigwam- a single test of a nuclear bomb.
    May 14, 1955, about 500 miles southwest of San Diego, California. 6,800 personnel aboard 30 ships were involved in Wigwam. The purpose of Wigwam was to determine the vulnerability of submarines to deeply-detonated nuclear weapons, and to evaluate the feasibility of using such weapons in a combat situation.

    Reflection:
    With the research that was research that was being done, they could create a hydrogen bomb that produced 15 megatons. It makes me wonder, with all the technology we have today, how powerful of a bomb could we create?

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  14. In a brief synopsis of the workings of an atomic bomb, part two of Trinity and Beyond upheld a stupendous definition of what is it like not only to research for the practicality of such weapons, but also testing them in the field. In as little words as possible, an atom bomb functions by launching a chain reaction of nuclear material, which releases a mammoth quantity of energy relative to traditional explosives. Per unit volume, an atom bomb may be more or less millions to billions of times more powerful than TNT. The idea/design itself was developed during the top secret Manhattan Project, which was directed by General Leslie R. Groves of the US Army. A myriad of tests were inaugurated in order to raise the awareness of the U.S. military, as well as provide the nation with such security.

    In the Spring of 1953, Operation Upshot Knothole was initiated, in which a pattern of test activity at the Nevada Proving Ground had surfaced after several other tests with similar objectives. Through the fifties, every year or so (working the schedule of biannual pacific test series), a series of several shots was fired at the NPG over a period of three or four months to address a wide variety of objectives. Efforts to prepare the U.S. military for atomic warfare continued with proof-tests of a number of new practical weaponry, (pioneering the country's first nuclear artillery shell). The tests provided additional experience and information for planning atomic combat operations, a completely necessary step to take in atomic preparation. The significance later proved obvious once civil defense efforts were obtained.

    Yet another operation, codenamed Operation Castle, was a series of high yield thermonuclear weapon design tests. "Following the initial experimental demonstration of the Ulam-Teller design in Operation Ivy (the Sausage device detonated in the Ivy Mike test) both weapon labs rushed to develop a number of deliverable weaponized designs. The original schedule included a weaponized version of the cryogenic fuel system used in Sausage (designated the EC-16, the test device being named JUGHEAD); plus a variety of other extensions and new concepts. One of these new approaches - the use of non-cryogenic "dry" (lithium deuteride) fuel - was a spectacular (and disastrous) success with a yield far exceeding expectations. Some of the other tests were also much larger than expected - in fact the three largest tests ever carried out by the U.S. were all part of the performance." From further research, Castle Bravo's statistics were:
    Test: Bravo
    Time: 18:45:00.0 28 February 1954 (GMT)
    06:45:00.0 1 March 1954 (local)
    Location: Artificial island on reef 2950 ft off Nam ("Charlie") Island, Bikini Atoll
    Test Height and Type: Surface burst (7 feet above surface)
    Yield: 15 Mt
    (http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Usa/Tests/Castle.html)."

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  15. I think that the Atom Bomb is very dangerous and that we should not have them. Testing the atom bomb is very dangerous and it can kill people, animals, and plants. Bombing other countries during a war will also harm innocent people.

    These notes were collectively taken by Una and Hattie
    -January 1951 the US opened Nevada Printing grounds-test site where four new nuclear weapons were dropped.
    -January 27, 1951 was the first U.S detonation since Trinity
    -Easy-a structural effects test April 20, 1951
    -Item-May 24, 1951
    -Largest explosion that we have ever seen on Earth (Wet Bomb)
    -Truman “OK’D” Hydrogen Bomb.
    -Wet Bomb
    -62 tons
    -Zero island
    -first full scale test of a hydrogen device
    -The Nuclear Battlefield
    -Upshot-knothole
    -15 kilotons
    -500 feet
    -Grable May 25, 1953
    -The Big One
    -Castle Bravo-the first dry fuel hydrogen bomb
    -March 1, 1954
    -Fallout from the detonation — intended to be a secret test — poisoned -the islanders who had previously inhabited the atoll and returned there -afterwards, as well as the crew of Daigo Fukuryū Maru , a Japanese fishing boat, and created international concern about atmospheric thermonuclear testing
    -Operation Wigwam- a single test of a nuclear bomb.
    -May 14, 1955, about 500 miles southwest of San Diego, California. -6,800 personnel aboard 30 ships were involved in Wigwam. The purpose of Wigwam was to determine the vulnerability of submarines to deeply-detonated nuclear weapons, and to evaluate the feasibility of using such weapons in a combat situation.

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  16. The second part of the movie was really interesting, and it brought me to understanding just how deadly even a small nuclear bomb is. The 15 kiloton or megaton nuclear bomb that was launched with a 280mm cannon did a huge deal more damage than a larger bomb air-dropped in the same area, all because it was closer to the ground. I saw how powerful the wave of heat is when the bombs go off, and with hydrogen bombs, it is much nastier and actually blew a car 500 feet away from it's original place.

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  17. Nevada Test site opens 15 miles away from Las Vegas.
    Operation Greenhouse: testing of what structures stay up and trying to find what can keep people safe from a nuclear explosion.
    April 15, 1951 Easy 41 kilotons.
    Safety goggles were necessary
    Item: 45.5 kilotons same year 1951
    The Hydrogen Bombs
    Truman oks H-Bomb
    Three islands were used for the test site of the H-Bomb.
    “The most powerful explosion that will ever happen on the face of this earth!”
    Ivy Mike: 10 Megatons First full-scale hydrogen explosion.
    The Nuclear Battlefield
    Spring of 1953
    To test civil life of a nuclear battle.
    Opened up a whole new system and stiudies of how do you use nuclear weapons in a combat situation.
    The Big One
    Castle Bravo Feb 19, 1954 15 Megatons
    During this explosion 64 islanders were injured, but were still alive. This put things into perspective for the public that any minute there could be a nuclear explosion, so what would you do if you were doing your daily tasks and you hear this siren? I think that this is a very scary thought and that I would be living in fear al this time of whether or not a bomb is going to go off in the next 10 seconds. I think that the testing in the islands was a great idea and that setting up a real scale houses for the test and the trees except for the fact that they didn't know about the civilians that were going to get injured and the japanese fisherman.

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  18. Basically we started the video with Trumann saying that the Russians had the atom bomb. They had the secrets to the bomb because of a spy Klaus Fuchs. The first Soviet Atomic Test known as Fast Lightning was April 29, 1949. Then in 1951 a series of tests were run in the Nevada Test Site called Operation Ranger. Then in spring 1951, Operation Greenhouse took place. Easy was the name of the second test from Greenhouse. It was set off April 20, 1951, it was 45.5 kilotons. It used the boosting method. Then there was the George Event , a 225 kiloton weapon, that used to burn capsule. Then the movie talked about the Hydrogen Bomb. People wanted to stop with the bomb business after the war, but we had an incomplete knowledge. So on Zero Island Operation Ivy took place. The Mike device was 60 tons and used liquid deuterium, hydrogen, which granted it the nickname Wet Bomb. It was the first hydrogen bomb. Then in the spring of 1953, Operation Upshot Knothole took place. It was in Nevada and consisted of eleven nuclear tests. Annie, Nancy, Ruth, Dixie, Ray, Badger, SImon, Encore, Harry, Grable, and Climax. Their weights ranged from 16 to 61 kilotons. Then there was Castle-Bravo. On the first of March 1954 in Bikini Atoll. It was the biggest thermonuclear hydrogen bomb tested in the U.S. It used the Shrimp device and weighed a whopping 15 megatons. The Marshall Islands' plantlife was stripped away. There is now a crater, Bravo Crater, that has a 1.2 mile diameter. Then in 1955 the Russians exploded a hydrogen bomb. Hydrogen bomb was one of the biggest war threats. It has changed our way of life.

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  19. Please reflect on the second the (sic) half of the movie:

    There were many restated facts, and it seemed that the documentary spent more time showing stock footage of explosions than describing the history and science of the atomic bomb. It seemed that facts were replaced by emotional appeals, and the point the documentary tried to make had many logical fallacies.

    A "reflection" would have more focus on reaction and opinion than on restating facts, but here's the information I got from the video:

    1951- first test of the boosting principle
    Ivy Mike- first H-bomb
    1953- Grabel
    Bravo was the largest bomb detonated in the atmosphere

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  20. Klaus fuchs passed info to Russians in regards to nuclear bombs. Klaus denied giving secrets to Russian,and detectives didnt have enough evidence to prove him wrong. However, after many interviews, Fuchs was proven guilty and was sentenced to 14 years in prison.
    On January 1951, USA opens Nevada Test Site, where the dropped five bombs for experiments.
    Operation Greenhouse started in spring 1951. Its purpose was to try to build nuclear survivability shelters.Where they can double the bombs power by putting trillium in the center.
    The first thermo-nuclear weapon experiment started with George.
    Ivy Mike was the first Hydrogen Bomb
    The Army created a nuclear bomb launcher.
    Grable was the first bomb that was fired from the atomic cannon.
    Castle bravo is the United States largest thermonuclear device, it was set off on February 2, 2011 at 9:11 AM. Bravo's crater is 1.2 miles in diameter.
    What is Operation Sandstone?
    It was where they tested new atomic weapon, west of Crossroads. They stripped the land and layed down tar for roads, temporary housing. Also they double the force of the bomb dropped on Nagasaki, and made a more efficient bomb.
    The results of sandstone was enormous because it changed the atomic bomb design forever!
    Russians have access to the atomic bomb August 29, 1948 (5 yrs before expected) because of Klaus Fuchs.
    January 27, 1951 was the first U.S detonation since Trinity. Easy-a structural effects test was on April 20, 1951
    Item- The bomb was set off on May 24, 1951. It was the largest explosion ever seen on Earth. and it was a “wet bomb.”
    Truman “OK’D” Hydrogen Bomb.
    The Wet Bomb weighed 62 tons, located on Zero Island, and was the first full scale test of a hydrogen device.
    The Nuclear Battlefield, held the Upshot-knothole Grable. It was 15 kilotons, and 500 feet.Upshot-knothole Grable was a nuclear weapons test that was conducted by the US. The detonation was on May 25, 1953, at the Nevada Test Site. It was a gun-type weapon. In the form of a shell.Grable was the second of two gun-type warheads ever detonated. The first one was Little Boy. Every other atomic weapons were implosion weapons.
    Castle Bravo was the first dry fuel hydrogen bomb used on March 1, 1954. The fallout from the detonation was that it was intended to be a secret test. However, it poisoned the islanders who were there before and had returned there after. They as well as the crew of Daigo Fukuryū Maru , a Japanese fishing boat, and created international concern about atmospheric thermonuclear testing
    Operation Wigwam- a single test of a nuclear bomb that happened on May 14, 1955, about 500 miles southwest of San Diego, California. 6,800 personnel aboard 30 ships were involved in Wigwam. The purpose of Wigwam was to find out how vulnerable the submarines were so they could evaluate the feasibility of using nuclear weapons in a combat situation.

    these notes were taken by Una H.and Hattie Z. (me)

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  21. This video was more of a review for me. It did interest me with exact facts on each of the bomb tests. The video also gave me a new understanding of the reaction imposed by the possession of thermonuclear devices. The video did restate facts a couple times but did keep my interest.

    I noticed a few key items from this video:
    -Castle Bravo (2/28/1954) was the largest Thermonuclear Weapon detonated in atmosphere with a crater 1.2 miles in diameter
    -Grabel(1953) showed a low yield device could produce a greater result when detonated at a lower altitude. It was fired from a nuclear cannon
    -Operation Greenhouse(1951) entailed advancing America's Nuclear Program
    -Boosting Principal(1951) showed how a lower yield device (10 kilotons in example) could be made into a higher yield device (25 kilotons in example) by inserting trillium into the center of the bomb
    -Ivy Mike(11/1/1952) was the first full-scale Hydrogen Bomb ever detonated

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  22. Ranger-Able
    January 27, 1951

    Operation Greenhouse Spring of 1951

    Easy
    April 20, 1951

    George
    thermonuclear experiment

    The Hydrogen Bomb was okay'd by Franklin Roosevelt and a test was completed on a total f three islands connected together with the hydrogen bomb on the center island. It was to be the largest explosion know to man. It was called Ivy Mike.

    Grable
    Nay 25, 1953 (15 Kilotons)
    The Atomic Cannon

    Castle Bravo
    February 28, 1954 (15 Megatons)
    Largest U.S. Thermonuclear Device
    Stripped island clear of vegetation and put much radioactive material into the atmosphere. Castle bravo made a crater 1.2 miles wide.

    Russia discovered the hydrogen bomb technology and this was devastating and dangerous to all Americans. Drills were done to prepare the American people for a bomb dropping.

    500 miles off the coast of San Diego:
    Operation Redwing
    Pacific Proving Ground
    17 nuclear tests

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  23. I thought that all the information on the different bomb tests was really interesting. When they said that smaller bombs were more destructive, I was surprised. Discovering that made the bombs more efficient and far more useful in war. However, it all amounts to nothing when you think about it, as we no longer use atomic bombs. I also thought it was kind of funny when they showed the propaganda that scientists and soldiers were shown to keep the bomb technology secret.

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  24. Russia has nuclear bomb. Due to Los Feus.

    1951, US opened up Nevada Proving grounds (now Nevada Test Site.). 5 new air drops were tested at that site. Ranger 18l2, January 27, 1951.

    Four shots tested on greenhouse. Easy (bomb), April 20, 1951

    4th test: Item test.Titium was burned in the middle of the explosion tht was known as boosting. May 24, 1951

    Plutarium capsule. Thermo bomb

    Hydrogen bombs:
    thos viewing must wait until ten seconds after the first light.
    Ivy Mike--first full scale H-bomb.
    Nothing left but water and deep crater after Ivy Mike.

    11 nuclear test Upshot Not-hole.
    One dropped 280 feet a above drop line.
    Grayhole: precurso warning with most damage. Very damaging. Shock waves of heat and incineration perhaps? Grable May 25, 1953.

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  25. It was kind of odd how we knew exactly who the russian spies were. Also, it seems rather hazardous to test nuclear bombs, because it causes near irrevocable damage to the environment, and the soldiers didn't have much protective gear on. As for the cold war, the only thing I can think of is that humans are really, really paranoid.

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